Power from Water

Hydropower, or hydroelectric power, is generated from the energy of moving water, usually by damming rivers to create reservoirs.

How it Works:

1. A dam creates a large reservoir of water.
2. Water is channeled through tunnels (penstocks) towards turbines.
3. The force of the moving water spins the turbines.
4. The turbines are connected to generators, which produce electricity.

Advantages:

• Renewable energy source.
• Generally low greenhouse gas emissions during operation (though construction has impacts, and reservoirs can emit methane).
• Provides large-scale, reliable power and can adjust output relatively quickly.
• Reservoirs can provide flood control and water supply benefits.

Disadvantages:

• Significant environmental impact from dam construction (habitat destruction, altered river flows, blocking fish migration).
• High upfront cost and long construction times.
• Potential social impacts (displacement of communities).
• Risk of dam failure.